Τρίτη 22 Μαρτίου 2011
Kurds Continue To Push For A Nation Of Their Own
They are a people without a home, or at least without an internationally recognized country. They bore the brunt of Saddam Hussein’s rage after the Iran-Iraq war of the 1980s, victims of chemical weapon attacks. They were the reason for the no-fly zone above the 36th parallel in Iraq after the first Gulf war. They are the Kurds.
The Kurds are traditionally a nomadic people, the bulk of who live in the mountainous area around the borders of Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. The Kurds call this area Kurdistan. Approximately 5 million Kurds live in northern Iraq. They are non-arabs and the majority of them are Sunni Muslim.
The Kurdish people in Iraq have battled with the Iraqi government for self-rule for nearly a century. They were granted self-rule in 1970, however the agreement did not last long. It is well known that the Kurds suffered greatly under the rule of Saddam Hussein, but what is their life like in a post-Hussein Iraq?
According to an October 2010 Congressional Research Service report, northern Iraq has seen stability since the end of Hussein’s reign, however officials remain concerned about what may happen once U.S. troops leave the country at the end of the year.
Kurds currently have some autonomy, but not independence, in northern Iraq known as the Kurdistan Regional Government. They also participate in the Iraq’s political process, having representation in the central government. Many Kurds relish the power they have in choosing the country’s leaders, however recent fissures within their own parties resulted in the main Kurdish faction loosing seats in the 2010 parliamentary elections
Kurdish leaders are not actively seeking independence from Iraq at the moment even though independence is something many of the Kurdish people want. It is not because Kurdish leaders do not wish for independence, but rather because the leaders understand the politics behind independence. Surrounding nations would likely not recognize an independent Kurdish state. Neighbors Iran, Turkey and Syria would not recognize an independent Kurdish state because of the large population of Kurds in their own countries. Recognition of by other nations is a key component in the definition of independence. Turkey, with a population of 15 million Kurds, is the most vocal opponent of an independent Kurdish state.
While there is not currently friction between the Iraqi government and the Kurdistan Regional Government regarding independence, there remain some problems about what areas fall under control of the Kurdistan Regional Government. The Kurds say Kirkuk and parts of Diyala and Nineveh provinces should be a part of their government. This dispute remains contentious and is still unresolved.
No one knows what will happen in Iraq, more specifically in northern Iraq and with the Kurdistan Regional Government, once U.S. troops leave. Though an independent Kurdish state is not currently on the agenda in Iraq, history suggests the debate is temporarily stayed and not over.
Barzani: Military option no solution for Kurdish issue
Erbil - Nechirvan Barzani, the former Kurdistan Region premier, thought Kurdistan relations with Turkey are "at the top level", while he deemed the Kurdish issue in Turkey cannot be settled through military option.
The statements by the former Kurdish PM and the current deputy president of the ruling Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), were made in an interview with the Turkish Teref newspaper Monday.
In the interview Barzani alluded to many housing projects and various other investment ventures by Turkish companies in the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region (northern Iraq) as well as the volume of the trade exchange between the Region and Turkey in 2010 which topped $7 billion. He added to boost the exchange the two sides are preparing to open a new border point, beside the current one-Ibrahim Khalil.
As an example for the improved political relations with Turkey, the KDP second person said in the past few years Turkey had deployed some 200 thousand troops on the borders with Kurdistan.
The deployment allegedly was to confront potential attacks from the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)- a militant Kurdish organization in armed struggled with Turkey for three-decades for the ethnic rights of Kurds in Turkey.
Asked about the PKK and the Kurdish issue in Turkey, Barzani said currently the issue is given the most attention. He reiterated the issue should be settled by the involved parties in Turkey and through dialog.
The paper quoted Barzani, saying "Don't take me wrong. By dialog I don't mean conducting dialog with the PKK but any party involved in the issue."
"Military option is not the solution."
To Barzani the Kurdish issue is political and he believed Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the Turkish PM has taken the correct direction for solving it.
Turkish constitution recognizes "one nation, one flag and one language" and thus sidelines the ethnic rights of several groups in the country, including the 20 million Kurds.
The statements by the former Kurdish PM and the current deputy president of the ruling Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), were made in an interview with the Turkish Teref newspaper Monday.
In the interview Barzani alluded to many housing projects and various other investment ventures by Turkish companies in the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region (northern Iraq) as well as the volume of the trade exchange between the Region and Turkey in 2010 which topped $7 billion. He added to boost the exchange the two sides are preparing to open a new border point, beside the current one-Ibrahim Khalil.
As an example for the improved political relations with Turkey, the KDP second person said in the past few years Turkey had deployed some 200 thousand troops on the borders with Kurdistan.
The deployment allegedly was to confront potential attacks from the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)- a militant Kurdish organization in armed struggled with Turkey for three-decades for the ethnic rights of Kurds in Turkey.
Asked about the PKK and the Kurdish issue in Turkey, Barzani said currently the issue is given the most attention. He reiterated the issue should be settled by the involved parties in Turkey and through dialog.
The paper quoted Barzani, saying "Don't take me wrong. By dialog I don't mean conducting dialog with the PKK but any party involved in the issue."
"Military option is not the solution."
To Barzani the Kurdish issue is political and he believed Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the Turkish PM has taken the correct direction for solving it.
Turkish constitution recognizes "one nation, one flag and one language" and thus sidelines the ethnic rights of several groups in the country, including the 20 million Kurds.
Iraq's Barzani calls for Kurdistan reforms
ARBIL, Iraq — The president of Iraq's autonomous Kurdistan region called Monday for a raft of reforms after protests against nepotism, corruption and a political stranglehold by the two main parties.
Massud Barzani urged parliament for early provincial elections and the speedy creation of an integrity commission to check corruption and nepotism in many areas, including official appointments and energy contracts.
"I call on parliament to fix a date for early provincial elections in Kurdistan," Barzani said.
He was referring to provincial polls held across Iraq in January 2009 but not in the Kurdish region which comprises three northern provinces and the disputed province of Kirkuk.
He said political parties and media organisations should declare where they get their resources, saying only the Kurdistan government reserved the right to hold relations with another country.
Barzani added large private companies should sell their stock more equally, suggesting that currently only the rich and well-connected can buy lucrative company shares.
He also said oil and gas contracts in Kurdistan should be signed with greater transparency.
For decades, Barzani's Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan of Iraq's President Jalal Talabani have lorded over the oil-rich northern region.
But the uprisings in the rest of the Middle East and across Iraq -- including the Kurdistan region -- have been a wake-up call for the Kurdish leaders.
Rallies in the region's second biggest city of Sulaimaniyah last month left three people dead, and have been followed by nearly daily demonstrations.
Meanwhile, the opposition in Kurdistan has said it has collected 50,000 signatures calling for Barzani's resignation.
Massud Barzani urged parliament for early provincial elections and the speedy creation of an integrity commission to check corruption and nepotism in many areas, including official appointments and energy contracts.
"I call on parliament to fix a date for early provincial elections in Kurdistan," Barzani said.
He was referring to provincial polls held across Iraq in January 2009 but not in the Kurdish region which comprises three northern provinces and the disputed province of Kirkuk.
He said political parties and media organisations should declare where they get their resources, saying only the Kurdistan government reserved the right to hold relations with another country.
Barzani added large private companies should sell their stock more equally, suggesting that currently only the rich and well-connected can buy lucrative company shares.
He also said oil and gas contracts in Kurdistan should be signed with greater transparency.
For decades, Barzani's Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan of Iraq's President Jalal Talabani have lorded over the oil-rich northern region.
But the uprisings in the rest of the Middle East and across Iraq -- including the Kurdistan region -- have been a wake-up call for the Kurdish leaders.
Rallies in the region's second biggest city of Sulaimaniyah last month left three people dead, and have been followed by nearly daily demonstrations.
Meanwhile, the opposition in Kurdistan has said it has collected 50,000 signatures calling for Barzani's resignation.
Σάββατο 19 Μαρτίου 2011
Ο Οτζαλάν ζητάει κατ' οίκον περιορισμό και το ΡΚΚ βγαίνει στο βουνό
Το αίτημα του ηγέτη τού εκτός νόμου κουρδικού κόμματος ΡΚΚ Αμπντουλάχ Οτζαλάν, να εκτίσει το υπόλοιπο της ποινής του σε κατ' οίκον περιορισμό, καθώς επίσης και ο τερματισμός της «κατάπαυσης του πυρός» που ανακοίνωσε η ίδια οργάνωση, έχουν προκαλέσει κύκλο έντονων συζητήσεων στην Τουρκία.
Τα περί κατ' οίκον περιορισμού έχουν διατυπωθεί τις τελευταίες μέρες από βουλευτές του φιλοκουρδικού κόμματος Ειρήνης και Δημοκρατίας. Ενας από αυτούς, ο Ουφούκ Ουράς, είπε ότι μετέφερε την πρόταση στον υπουργό Δικαιοσύνης Σαντουλάχ Εργκίν. Ο τελευταίος είπε πως «κάτι τέτοιο δεν είναι δυνατόν με βάση τους ισχύοντες νόμους». Ερωτηθείς για το αν θα μπορούσε να γίνει νομοθετική αλλαγή, ο υπουργός είπε: «Δεν υπάρχουν στην Τουρκία συνθήκες για κάτι τέτοιο», τονίζοντας πως ο κατ' οίκον περιορισμός προβλέπεται από τους τουρκικούς νόμους, αλλά όχι για καταδίκες σαν αυτήν του Οτζαλάν. Ο Εργκίν είπε, επίσης, ότι ο ίδιος δεν πιστεύει ότι θα πρέπει και όσοι έχουν καταδικαστεί για τρομοκρατία να επωφελούνται από τις διατάξεις περί κατ' οίκον περιορισμού. Επί του ίδιου θέματος, ο αντιπρόεδρος της κυβέρνησης και κυβερνητικός εκπρόσωπος Τζεμίλ Τσιτσέκ δήλωσε: «Πιστεύω ότι οι συνθήκες δεν είναι ευνοϊκές». Η υπό εξέλιξη συζήτηση της Τουρκίας περιλαμβάνει και τη διάσταση της ισότητας. Ο πρόεδρος της τουρκικής εθνοσυνέλευσης Μεχμέτ Αλί Σαχίν επιχειρηματολόγησε με βάση αυτή τη διάσταση, λέγοντας ότι το αίτημα του Οτζαλάν για κατ' οίκον περιορισμό «είναι αντίθετο προς τη συνταγματική αρχή της ισότητας». «Υπάρχουν στην Τουρκία πολλοί υπόδικοι και κατάδικοι οι οποίοι υπάγονται στο ίδιο νομικό πλαίσιο. Δεν μπορεί να υπάρξει ειδική μεταχείριση σε κάποιον από αυτούς», είπε. Ενας από τους βασικούς άξονες της συζήτησης είναι το επιχείρημα των Κούρδων ότι «αν δεν αφεθεί ελεύθερος ή σε κατ' οίκον περιορισμό ο Οτζαλάν, θα συνεχίσει ο κύκλος του αίματος». Πράγμα που αποκρούεται από την άλλη πλευρά, αφού χαρακτηρίζεται «απειλή». Κι όλα αυτά τη στιγμή που το ΡΚΚ ανακοίνωσε ότι παύει να ισχύει η «κατάπαυση του πυρός» που είχε κηρύξει στις 13 Αυγούστου.
ΑΡΗΣ ΑΜΠΑΤΖΗΣ
Τουρκία: απόπειρα δολοφονίας Κούρδου λαϊκού τραγουδιστή φουντώνει «σενάρια» και εμπλέκει ΡΚΚ
Του ΑΡΗ ΑΜΠΑΤΖΗ
Σε κρίσιμη κατάσταση εξακολουθεί να είναι ο Τατλίσες έπειτα από χειρουργική επέμβαση. Είχε βγει από το στούντιο, από όπου μεταδιδόταν η εβδομαδιαία του εκπομπή σε ιδιωτικό κανάλι, όταν δύο άτομα, σύμφωνα με την αστυνομία, πυροβόλησαν εναντίον του αυτοκινήτου όπου επέβαινε. Οι δράστες έριξαν έντεκα σφαίρες, εκ των οποίων η μία πέτυχε τον καλλιτέχνη στο κεφάλι και άλλη μία το βοηθό του στον ώμο. Οι δράστες πυροβόλησαν μέσα από αυτοκίνητο και διέφυγαν.
Προσωπικό ενδιαφέρον έδειξε ο πρωθυπουργός Ρετζέπ Ταγίπ Ερντογάν. Τα τουρκικά μέσα ενημέρωσης έκαναν λόγο για δύο εκδοχές. Πρώτον να πρόκειται για ξεκαθάρισμα λογαριασμών από πρώην συνεταίρους του Τατλίσες, ο οποίος εκτός από την καλλιτεχνική, αναπτύσσει εδώ και χρόνια και επιχειρηματική δραστηριότητα. Πολλές φορές έχει γίνει λόγος για σχέσεις ή συγκρούσεις του με ανθρώπους του υποκόσμου.
Η δεύτερη εκδοχή έχει να κάνει με το ενδεχόμενο το χτύπημα να είναι έργο του ΡΚΚ. Κι αυτό επειδή το ΡΚΚ εδώ και λίγο καιρό απειλεί αρκετούς Κούρδους διανοούμενους στην Τουρκία που εκφράζουν τη διαφωνία τους με την οργάνωση. Ο Τατλίσες δεν συγκαταλέγεται μεταξύ αυτών και ούτε κάνει πολιτικές δηλώσεις, με εξαίρεση αυτό που έχει πει αρκετές φορές ότι «έχει παρέλθει η εποχή των όπλων».
Τρεις μαχητές του ΡΚΚ νεκροί από πυρά στρατιωτών
Τρεις Κούρδοι αντάρτες σκοτώθηκαν σε συγκρούσεις με τον τουρκικό στρατό, ύστερα από τις απειλές του Κόμματος των Κούρδων Εργατών (PKK) ότι θα θέσει τέλος στην εκεχειρία.
Οι συγκρούσεις σημειώθηκαν σε αγροτική ζώνη του Γκιουτσλιουκονάκ, κοινότητα στην επαρχία Σιρνάκ στη μεθόριο με το Ιράκ, υπογραμμίζουν οι ίδιες πηγές. Οι στρατιώτες άνοιξαν πυρ εναντίον ομάδας ανταρτών κατά τη διάρκεια εκκαθαριστικής επιχείρησης με στόχο να παρεμποδιστεί η είσοδος Κούρδων ανταρτών από το βόρειο Ιράκ, όπου διατηρεί βάσεις του το ΡΚΚ.
Το ΡΚΚ είχε κηρύξει μονομερώς εκεχειρία το 2010. Έκτοτε όμως έχει απειλήσει αρκετές φορές ότι θα θέσει τέλος στην αποχή του από τις μάχες, με την πρόφαση ότι η τουρκική κυβέρνηση είναι απρόθυμη για διάλογο.
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